QUALITY ASSESSMENT OF DRINKING WATER IN GADAU CAMPUS OF SA'ADU ZUNGUR UNIVERSITY AND ITS ENVIRONS

CARACARA, DUHUWAN KURA AND GADAU VILLAGE

Abstract

The quality of drinking water remains a critical determinant of human health, particularly in academic environments where large populations depend on shared water sources. This study assessed the physico-chemical and microbiological quality of drinking water in Sa’adu Zungur University Bauchi, and its environs. Samples were collected from boreholes, storage tanks, water commonly consumed within the university community. Standard laboratory methods were employed to analyze key physico-chemical parameters such as pH, turbidity, total dissolved solids (TDS), and electrical conductivity, while heavy metals including lead, iron, and zinc were quantified using atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Microbiological quality was evaluated through total coliform and Escherichia coli counts. Results revealed that while most physico-chemical parameters fell within the World Health Organization (WHO) permissible limits, some samples exceeded the recommended levels for turbidity and total dissolved solids. Moreover, microbial analysis indicated the presence of coliforms in certain water sources, raising concerns about possible fecal contamination. The findings highlight potential health risks associated with the consumption of untreated water in the study area. It is therefore recommended that routine monitoring, proper sanitation practices, and point-of-use treatment measures be enforced to safeguard public health and ensure sustainable access to safe drinking water.This study assessed the quality of drinking water in Gadau Campus of Sa'adu Zungur University and its environs. Water samples were collected from 10 different sources (2boreholes and 8 tap water) and analyzed for various physicochemical parameters. The results showed that the water quality index (WQI) values ranged from 43.4 to 102.2, indicating poor to good water quality. The study revealed that the drinking water sources in the study area were contaminated with various pollutants, posing health risks to consumers. Therefore, regular monitoring and treatment of drinking water sources are recommended to ensure safe and potable water supply.