IMPACT OF FEDERAL CAPITAL DEVELOPMENT AUTHORITY LAND ALLOCATION AND ZONING PROCESSES ON URBAN PLANNING OF FEDERAL CAPITAL CITY, ABUJA NIGERIA

Abstract

This study investigates the Federal Capital Development Authority (FCDA) land allocation and zoning processes in the Federal Capital City (FCC) of Abuja, Nigeria, and assesses their impact on urban planning. Using a mixed-methods approach, the study combines both qualitative and quantitative research techniques to explore key objectives, such as identifying land allocation procedures, assessing stakeholder roles, evaluating zoning compliance, and developing a framework to improve FCDA’s effectiveness. Data collection involved analysis of official documents, interviews with FCDA officials, surveys, focus group discussions, and expert consultations. The study found that the zoning and land allocation processes have contributed positively to urban planning, with residential zones accounting for 45% of total land and green spaces covering 10% of the FCC, helping to maintain ecological balance and enhancing urban aesthetics. However, challenges such as urban sprawl, inequitable land distribution, and infrastructural imbalances were identified. Specifically, urban sprawl was linked to low-density developments, contributing to increase commuting times and higher transportation costs, while 30% of respondents reported perceiving favoritism in land allocations. Zoning compliance issues were also found, with residential zones showing a 15% incidence of unauthorized commercial activities, and green spaces facing a 40% non-compliance rate due to illegal developments. The study emphasizes the need for reforms, including enhanced transparency, stricter enforcement of zoning regulations, and increased stakeholder engagement. The research proposes a framework to improve governance, accountability, and sustainable urban development, offering actionable recommendations for the FCDA to strengthen urban planning practices in Abuja.