FARM-LEVEL CYBER SECURITY VULNERABILITIES

IMPLICATIONS FOR SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURE AND FOOD SECURITY IN NIGERIA

Abstract

This paper reviews cybersecurity threats in the agricultural sector, with a focus on Nigeria's smart farming initiatives. As agriculture increasingly integrates digital technologies like IoT and AI, it becomes vulnerable to various cyber threats, including data breaches, ransomware, and unauthorized access. We examine documented incidents globally and locally, highlighting their impact on food production and supply chains. The review identifies critical challenges, such as lack of awareness, inadequate infrastructure, and policy gaps, which exacerbate these vulnerabilities in Nigeria. To mitigate these risks, we propose strategies including robust cybersecurity measures, leveraging blockchain and machine learning, and developing comprehensive policy frameworks. Our findings underscore the importance of a coordinated effort among stakeholders—farmers, technology providers, policymakers, and researchers— to enhance cybersecurity in agriculture. This is essential for ensuring food security, protecting supply chains, and promoting sustainable agricultural practices in the digital age. The paper concludes with a call to action for policymakers and practitioners to prioritize cybersecurity in agricultural development plans.